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The Digital Evolution
Visual Communication in the Electronic Age
Essays, Lectures and Interviews, 1967-1998

by A. D. Coleman

 

From the reviews:

"Coleman's discussion of the impact of technology on traditional photography serves as a brilliant . . . record of how new electronic tools have permeated our lives. . . . [Coleman's] ideas and concepts . . . are immensely valuable and insightful, with hints of what our future may hold. Coleman's critical eye makes [The Digital Evolution] required reading for today's media-savvy or information-obsessed artist."

-- Daniel Carter, Design Editor, Wired, July 1999
(click here for this complete review online)

 

"Coleman's commitment to photo education is evident throughout the collection. . . . Coleman's writing is smart, informed, and challenging. The Digital Evolution should be required reading for all educators, students and practitioners of photography."

-- Kitty Hubbard, Afterimage

 

"In the foreword to his latest book A.D. Coleman comments, 'When I began writing about photography, in 1967, the battle over that medium's status as one in which art (whatever that might be) could be produced was still raging. Computers -- large, noisy, mysterious machines with functions then limited almost exclusively to the mathematical -- were a class of objects few lay people had laid eyes on, much less operated. The prophecy that they would transform our communications systems and pervade our everyday lives had been promulgated by only a few visionaries; to my knowledge, no one had hazarded a guess that anything anyone might ever consider as art would emerge from this technology.'

"Whether the resulting evolution produced art (whatever that might be) is up for grabs. What is certain is that it revolutionised the way we use, perceive, produce, store, distribute and view photographs.

"The Digital Evolution: Visual Communication in the Electronic Age collects 31 of Coleman's previously published essays, lectures and interviews charting the progress of electronic and digital technologies in visual culture. The result is an insightful and fascinating account of the gradual invasion of the computer into all aspects of visual communications, both culturally and professionally.

"Compiled from disparate sources (dating back to 1967), the book still manages to read as a uniform meditation on a single (if broad) topic. Subjects under scrutiny over the years have included: digital photography, the photograph as truth, photographic education, historianship, camera automation, electronic distribution, the internet, adaptation to new technology and digital copyright. Indeed, few aspects of image-making have escaped Coleman's attention. Moreover, his genuine enthusiasm for photography is obvious throughout. This is no casual jobbing critic; the man is obviously deeply concerned with the issues at hand.

"Coleman's greatest asset, however, is his ability to write with precision, clarity and even humour. The Digital Evolution is a pleasure to read -- expansive and thought-provoking without using a specialised vocabulary. Rarely does a critic write so well."

-- Gary Crighton, British Journal of Photography

 

"Nazraeli also publishes critical prose, . . . clearly anchored by the accomplished writings of A. D. Coleman and Bill Jay. . . . [Coleman's] latest book, The Digital Evolution, examines with a forthright lucidity how computerization and electronics have affected the photographic arts. Coleman's writing . . . is informative and unpretentious -- a rare combination in art criticism of any kind."

-- Eric Lorberer, Rain Taxi: Review of Books

From the book:

. . . Do you remember The Singing Nun?

A phenomenon of the ecumenical 1960s, she called herself Sœur Sourire -- Sister Smile -- and, accompanying herself on acoustic guitar, ran a lilting little ersatz-folk ditty about St. Dominic into a Top-Ten single and an international hit album. It was a charming song; anyone over the age of twenty-five probably recalls the tune, and perhaps even the mellifluous French lyrics: "Dominique-nique-nique combattit les Albigeois . . ." (Little Dominic fought the Albigensians.)

Do you remember the Albigensians?

They were a medieval Christian sect in the south of France, believers in the Manichaean doctrine. Manichaeism held, among its tenets, that the existence of evil was necessary in order for human beings to recognize good -- and that God therefore must have created evil as well as good. The hierarchy of the Catholic Church determined this complex and Eastern-influenced philosophical position to be heretical. It was decided that the Albigensian heresy had to be eliminated; Dominic was one of numerous individuals charged with that task.

The Albigensian heresy was eliminated by eliminating the Albigensians -- man, woman, and child -- in a prolonged bloodbath of a crusade so virulent that, according to The Encyclopaedia Brittanica, "[t]his implacable war . . . threw the whole of the nobility of the north of France against that of the south, and destroyed the brilliant Provençal civilization." For his role in this solution to that problem, among other accomplishments, Dominic was canonized.

So that song which we all remember with such pleasure celebrates the destruction by genocide of a dualistic conception of the universe. It is a charming song, though, isn't it? Or is it?

I'd suggest that it is not only naive but potentially dangerous to respond to a song on a "purely musical" basis, without attempting to decipher the many messages that may be encoded therein. . . .

Our visual hardware has already reached a point at which photographically credible still and kinetic imagery -- some of it even three-dimensional -- can be generated with little or no basis in reality. I've touched on this subject before; I come back to it because the technology keeps growing more sophisticated, and we're not changing ourselves enough to keep up with it. We are hardly prepared to deal with this technology, even in its most benign manifestations. Its malignant capacities are awesome and self-evident.

The only solution is cultural self-defense. We must take the tools into our own hands. Pay closer attention to what we see and what we are being shown than we ever have before. Consider, discuss, and argue with what its being communicated to us visually. Pick up the image-making machines and learn to control them. Teach our children well. And remember: the seduction of Narcissus was visual.

-- From "Remember: The Seduction of Narcissus Was Visual"
(originally published in the Village Voice, November 1976).

 

. . . In Mike Nichols's film The Graduate, the older generation's sage counsel for the future was summed up in a word: "Plastics." If an equivalent torch were being passed to the younger generation today, I'd expect a different distillation: "Information."

We are presently undergoing an epochal transformation of our technology for the gathering, storage, retrieval and transmission of information. Such advanced communications media as video, Super-8 film, and instant color photography already are publicly available and economically accessible to a wide range of people. Public access to radio and TV broadcasting facilities and channels is a tenuously established legal right and, in some experimentally minded communities, an established fact. Various other devices for the publication and dissemination of information -- including the offset press and the postal system -- are at everyone's disposal. (None of it is free -- tools never are -- but much of it is inexpensive.)

Looming on the horizon, simultaneously, is the so-called "personal computer" in combination with the "home entertainment center." These devices, in some not-too-distant versions, are bound to include scanners capable of reading (and printing out) virtually all the common forms of encoded data: microform, videodisc, computer cards, and a host of others. They will put the entire Library of Congress at the disposal of any member of the citizenry who can afford these imminent successors to the standard television set. In fact, it will become possible for the entire contents of the Library of Congress to be stored in a few square yards of shelf space.

Because we are prone to thinking of information as written material, the common assumption is that this transformation will affect only our dealings with the written word. This is far from the case. . . .

-- From "Fiche and Chips: Technological Premonitions"
(originally published in Camera Austria, October 1981).

 

. . . The start of a new year turns one's thoughts to the future -- and, insofar as the future of photography is concerned, here are ten possible scenarios, in no particular order:

1. In 2173, in Auckland, New Zealand, the Global Conference on Criminal Sociology will include a session devoted to the disturbing planet-wide rise of violations of "no photographing" laws in the long-established "photo-free zones" of all major cities: sections of these metropolises in which, by popular demand and general consent, photographing people in public places is prohibited. This rise will have taken place despite the availability of compensating "auto-release zones" wherein photographers can make publishable images of street life without obtaining model releases. Though unable to decipher a pattern or determine a cause, panelists will sound a warning, projecting a continuing increase in "antisocial photographic behavior" through the end of the twenty-second century.

The "photo-free" and "auto-release" zones were pioneered in France at the end of the twentieth century, subsequent to two celebrated 1992-93 court cases -- separate but related -- in which an elderly couple named Lavergne and, independently of them, a woman named Bournet, claimed to be the lovers kissing in front of the Hotel de Ville in Paris in 1950 in Robert Doisneau's famous photograph. The concept of the distinct photo-related zones was originated in 1989 by the U.S. critic A. D. Coleman, who acknowledged a debt to French Marxist scholar Bernard Edelman, author of the classic text Ownership of the Image . . . .

3. Documents obtained in 2048 under the Freedom of Information Act in the U.S. will reveal that the Central Intelligence Agency's involvement in the world of photography during the Cold War went far beyond the agency's suborning of the Rochester Institute of Technology and the activities of such "ex"-agency hirelings as a noted Washington, D.C. dealer. Indeed, it will be revealed that the much-celebrated "photo boom" of the 1970s was in fact a C.I.A.-orchestrated money-laundering scheme. The scions of the heads of a major oil company and a major insurance company, among others, will be implicated in the plot. . . .

-- From "Fotofutures: Ten Possibilities in No Particular Order"
(originally published in Camera & Darkroom, July 1993).

Publishing information:

The Digital Evolution
Visual Communication in the Electronic Age
Essays, Lectures and Interviews, 1967-1998
(Tucson: Nazraeli Press, 1998). First edition.
Introduction by Hugh Kenner.

ISBN: 3-923922-52-3 paper, $24.95.
Out of print.

 

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